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/* Ph.D. Programs (Canada) */ formatting change
: [[University of Alberta|| Additional Program Information]] <nowiki>[</nowiki>yes<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* '''Ingo Brigandt''', Ph.D. 2006 University of Pittsburgh (HPS) // [http://www.ualberta.ca/~brigandt/ website], [http://www.ualberta.ca/~brigandt/Brigandt_CV.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/profile/637 PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Evolutionary developmental biology, molecular biology, systems biology, science and values
** Willing to work with new students? Yes
* '''Robert A. Wilson''', Ph.D. 1992 Cornell University (with Cognitive Studies minor) // * [http://www.artsrn.ualberta.ca/raw~brigandt/ websiteWebsite], [http://www.artsrn.ualberta.ca/raw~brigandt/cvmar13Brigandt_CV.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/profile/1320 637 PhilPapers] * '''Robert A. Wilson''', Ph.D. 1992 Cornell University (with Cognitive Studies minor)
** Specialties: Eugenics, disability, and reproductive technology, species and natural kinds, levels of selection, group-level cognition and collective intentionality, the nature of biological individuals and organisms, kinship, intersections between biology, mind, and sociality.
** Willing to work with new students? Yes
** [http://www.artsrn.ualberta.ca/raw/ Website], [http://www.artsrn.ualberta.ca/raw/cvmar13.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/profile/1320 PhilPapers]
=== University of British Columbia ===
: [[University of British Columbia|| Additional Program Information]] <nowiki>[</nowiki>no<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* '''John Beatty''', Ph.D. 1979 Indiana University (HPS) // website [http://philosophy.ubc.ca/persons/john-beatty/ 1], [http://faculty.arts.ubc.ca/jbeatty/ 2], [http://faculty.arts.ubc.ca/jbeatty/Final%20Files/JBeattyCV.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/profile/10554 PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Theoretical foundations, methodology, and socio-political dimensions of genetics and evolutionary biology (via website)
** Website [http://philosophy.ubc.ca/persons/john-beatty/ 1], [http://faculty.arts.ubc.ca/jbeatty/ 2], [http://faculty.arts.ubc.ca/jbeatty/Final%20Files/JBeattyCV.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/profile/10554 PhilPapers]
* '''Margaret Schabas''', Ph.D. 1983 University of Toronoto // website [http://philosophy.ubc.ca/persons/margaret-schabas/ 1], [http://faculty.arts.ubc.ca/mschabas/ 2], [http://faculty.arts.ubc.ca/mschabas/CVschabas.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/s/margaret%20schabas PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Overlap of biology and economics and the formation of bioeconomics (via website)
** Website [http://philosophy.ubc.ca/persons/margaret-schabas/ 1], [http://faculty.arts.ubc.ca/mschabas/ 2], [http://faculty.arts.ubc.ca/mschabas/CVschabas.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/s/margaret%20schabas PhilPapers]
* '''Christopher Stephens''', Ph.D. 2000 University of Wisconsin-Madison // website [http://philosophy.ubc.ca/persons/chris-stephens/ 1], [http://faculty.arts.ubc.ca/cstephens/Chris_Stephens_Website/Home_Page.html 2], [http://faculty.arts.ubc.ca/cstephens/Chris_Stephens_Website/CV.html CV], [http://philpapers.org/profile/36197 PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Conceptual foundations of evolutionary theory, causation, the nature of evidence in evolutionary biology, reciprocal altruism, phylogenetic inference, and on models of the evolution of rationality (via website)
** Website [http://philosophy.ubc.ca/persons/chris-stephens/ 1], [http://faculty.arts.ubc.ca/cstephens/Chris_Stephens_Website/Home_Page.html 2], [http://faculty.arts.ubc.ca/cstephens/Chris_Stephens_Website/CV.html CV], [http://philpapers.org/profile/36197 PhilPapers]
=== University of Calgary ===
: [[University of Calgary|| Additional Program Information]] <nowiki>[</nowiki>no<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* '''Megan Delehanty''', Ph.D. 2005 University of Pittsburgh (HPS) // [http://phil.ucalgary.ca/manageprofile/profiles/megan-delehanty website], [http://philpapers.org/profile/10566 PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Models, explanation, causation (via PhilPapers entries)
** [http://phil.ucalgary.ca/manageprofile/profiles/megan-delehanty Website], [http://philpapers.org/profile/10566 PhilPapers]
* '''Marc Ereshefsky''', Ph.D. 1988 University of Wisconsin-Madison // website [http://phil.ucalgary.ca/philosophy/people/ereshefs.html 1], [http://people.ucalgary.ca/~ereshefs/ 2], [http://phil.ucalgary.ca/profiles/215-28363/marc-ereshefsky-cv.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/profile/10567 PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Species; Natural Kinds; Scientific Classification; Biological Individuality; Homology; Historicity; Microbiology (via website)
** Website [http://phil.ucalgary.ca/philosophy/people/ereshefs.html 1], [http://people.ucalgary.ca/~ereshefs/ 2], [http://phil.ucalgary.ca/profiles/215-28363/marc-ereshefsky-cv.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/profile/10567 PhilPapers]
* '''C. Kenneth Waters''', Ph.D. 1985 Indiana University (HPS) // [http://phil.ucalgary.ca/profiles/c-kenneth-waters website], [https://apps.cla.umn.edu/directory/items/cv/295233.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/s/c.%20kenneth%20waters PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Causation, explanation, molecular biology, genetics, pluralism (via PhilPapers entries)
** [http://phil.ucalgary.ca/profiles/c-kenneth-waters Website], [https://apps.cla.umn.edu/directory/items/cv/295233.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/s/c.%20kenneth%20waters PhilPapers]
=== University of Toronto ===
: [[University of Toronto|| Additional Program Information]] <nowiki>[</nowiki>no<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* '''Ronald de Sousa''' (emeritus) // website ** Website [http://www.philosophy.utoronto.ca/directory/ronald-de-sousa/ 1], [http://homes.chass.utoronto.ca/~sousa/ 2], [http://philpapers.org/profile/14678 PhilPapers]
* '''Mohan Matthen''', Ph.D. Stanford University // website [http://www.philosophy.utoronto.ca/directory/mohan-matthen/ 1], [http://individual.utoronto.ca/matthen/Site/Mohan_Matthen.html 2], [http://philpapers.org/profile/1544 PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Philosophy of mind, especially perception, philosophy of biology, natural selection (via PhilPapers profile)
** Website [http://www.philosophy.utoronto.ca/directory/mohan-matthen/ 1], [http://individual.utoronto.ca/matthen/Site/Mohan_Matthen.html 2], [http://philpapers.org/profile/1544 PhilPapers]
* '''Paul Thompson''', Ph.D. 1979 University of Toronto // website [http://www.philosophy.utoronto.ca/directory/paul-thompson/ 1], [http://individual.utoronto.ca/paul_thompson/Paul_Thompson/Home_Page.html 2], [http://individual.utoronto.ca/paul_thompson/Paul_Thompson/Curriculum_Vitae.html CV], [http://philpapers.org/s/R%20PAUL%20THOMPSON PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Evolutionary theory, population genetics, mathematical modelling in biology, theory structure in biology, philosophy of medicine, and ethics (via website)
* '''Denis Walsh''' // * Website [http://www.philosophy.utoronto.ca/directory/denispaul-walshthompson/ website1], [http://individual.utoronto.ca/paul_thompson/Paul_Thompson/Home_Page.html 2], [http://individual.utoronto.ca/paul_thompson/Paul_Thompson/Curriculum_Vitae.html CV], [http://philpapers.org/s/denisR%20walsh 20PAUL%20THOMPSON PhilPapers] * '''Denis Walsh'''
** Specialties: Models, mechanisms, fitness, causation (via PhilPapers entries)
** [http://www.philosophy.utoronto.ca/directory/denis-walsh/ Website], [http://philpapers.org/s/denis%20walsh PhilPapers]
=== University of Waterloo ===
: [[University of Waterloo|| Additional Program Information]] <nowiki>[</nowiki>no<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* '''Carla Fehr''', Ph.D. 1999 Duke University // website [https://uwaterloo.ca/philosophy/people-profiles/carla-fehr 1], [http://carlafehr.org/ 2], [http://carlafehr.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Carla_Fehr_Vita.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/profile/62046 PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Philosophy of biology, Feminist Epistemology and Philosophy of Science, Feminist Science Studies, Philosophy of Science, evolution (via website)
** Website [https://uwaterloo.ca/philosophy/people-profiles/carla-fehr 1], [http://carlafehr.org/ 2], [http://carlafehr.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Carla_Fehr_Vita.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/profile/62046 PhilPapers]
*'''Katie Plaisance''', Ph.D. 2006 University of Minnesota // ** Specialties: Philosophy of biology, Philosophical issues in the human behavioral sciences, public understanding of science, interactional expertise, and Socially Relevant Philosophy Of Science** [https://uwaterloo.ca/knowledge-integration/faculty-plaisance websiteWebsite], [http://philpapers.org/profile/19100 PhilPapers]**Specialties: Philosophy of biology, Philosophical issues in the human behavioral sciences, public understanding of science, interactional expertise, and Socially Relevant Philosophy Of Science
* '''Paul Thagard''', Ph.D. University of Toronto // website [https://uwaterloo.ca/philosophy/people-profiles/paul-thagard 1], [http://watarts.uwaterloo.ca/~pthagard/Biographies/pault.html 2], [http://philpapers.org/s/paul%20thagard PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Philosophy of science and medicine, cognitive science, philosophy of mind. Specific topics include analogy, coherence, decision making, conceptual change, explanatory reasoning, theoretical neuroscience, discovery and innovation, emotions and consciousness, moral psychology, and theories and explanations in biomedicine (via website)
** Website [https://uwaterloo.ca/philosophy/people-profiles/paul-thagard 1], [http://watarts.uwaterloo.ca/~pthagard/Biographies/pault.html 2], [http://philpapers.org/s/paul%20thagard PhilPapers]
=== University of Western Ontario ===
: [[University of Western Ontario|| Additional Program Information]] <nowiki>[</nowiki>no<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* '''Gillian Barker''', Ph.D. 1997 UC San Diego // [http://www.uwo.ca/philosophy/people/barker.html website], [http://philpapers.org/profile/4278 PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Philosophy of Biology, Philosophy of Science
** [http://www.uwo.ca/philosophy/people/barker.html Website], [http://philpapers.org/profile/4278 PhilPapers]
* '''Eric Desjardins''', Ph.D. 2009 University of British Columbia // [http://www.uwo.ca/philosophy/people/desjardins.html website], [http://philpapers.org/s/eric%20Desjardins PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Philosophy of Science, Philosophy of Biology, Environmental Philosophy and Bioethics (via website)
** [http://www.uwo.ca/philosophy/people/desjardins.html Website], [http://philpapers.org/s/eric%20Desjardins PhilPapers]
* '''Devin Henry''', Ph.D. 2004 King’s College, University of London // [http://works.bepress.com/devinhenry/ website], [http://works.bepress.com/devinhenry/22/ CV], [http://philpapers.org/profile/11238 PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Ancient Philosophy, History & Philosophy of Science (esp. Philosophy of Biology) (via website)
** [http://works.bepress.com/devinhenry/ Website], [http://works.bepress.com/devinhenry/22/ CV], [http://philpapers.org/profile/11238 PhilPapers]
== Ph.D. Programs (Europe) ==
