== Ph.D. Programs (Canada) ==
All programs reside in philosophy departments, unless otherwise specified. Wiki Program Pages contain identical information to front-page listing, also unless otherwise specified.
=== [http://www.philosophy.ualberta.ca/ University of Alberta Philosophy Department] ===
** Specialties: Essentialism in biology, the nature of species, levels and units of natural selection, group-level cognition, organisms (via CV)
=== [http://philosophy.ubc.ca/ University of British ColumbiaPhilosophy Department] ===
<nowiki>{</nowiki>[[University of British Columbia|Wiki Program Page]]<nowiki>}</nowiki>
** Specialties: Conceptual foundations of evolutionary theory, causation, the nature of evidence in evolutionary biology, reciprocal altruism, phylogenetic inference, and on models of the evolution of rationality (via website)
=== [http://phil.ucalgary.ca/ University of CalgaryPhilosophy Department] ===
<nowiki>{</nowiki>[[University of Calgary|Wiki Program Page]]<nowiki>}</nowiki>
** Specialties: Causation, explanation, molecular biology, genetics, pluralism (via PhilPapers entries)
=== [http://www.philosophy.utoronto.ca/ University of TorontoPhilosophy Department] ===
<nowiki>{</nowiki>[[University of Toronto|Wiki Program Page]]<nowiki>}</nowiki>
** Specialties: Models, mechanisms, fitness, causation (via PhilPapers entries)
=== [https://uwaterloo.ca/philosophy/ University of WaterlooPhilosophy Department] ===
<nowiki>{</nowiki>[[University of Waterloo|Wiki Program Page]]<nowiki>}</nowiki>
** Specialties: Philosophy of science and medicine, cognitive science, philosophy of mind. Specific topics include analogy, coherence, decision making, conceptual change, explanatory reasoning, theoretical neuroscience, discovery and innovation, emotions and consciousness, moral psychology, and theories and explanations in biomedicine (via website)
=== [http://www.uwo.ca/philosophy/ University of Western OntarioPhilosophy Department] ===
<nowiki>{</nowiki>[[University of Western Ontario|Wiki Program Page]]<nowiki>}</nowiki>