# Bioethics, environmental ethics, philosophy of neuroscience/cognitive science, philosophy of medicine, and history of biology—in and of themselves—are not counted as philosophy of biology, though philosophers of biology with those interests are listed.
== Ph.D. Programs (AustraliaAustralasia) ==
All programs reside in philosophy departments, unless otherwise specified.
* <strong>Benjamin J. Fraser</strong> // [http://philrsss.anu.edu.au/profile/ben-fraser website], [http://philpapers.org/profile/29688 PhilPapers]
* <strong>Kim Sterelny</strong> // [http://philrsss.anu.edu.au/profile/kim-sterelny website], [http://philpapers.org/s/kim%20sterelny PhilPapers]
=== [http://www.otago.ac.nz/ University of Otago] (New Zealand) ===
* <strong>James Maclaurin</strong> // [http://www.otago.ac.nz/philosophy/Staff/james_maclaurin.html website], [http://philpapers.org/profile/2066 PhilPapers]
=== [http://sydney.edu.au/arts/philosophy/ University of Sydney] ===
* <strong>Eric Desjardins</strong> // [http://www.uwo.ca/philosophy/people/desjardins.html website], [http://philpapers.org/s/eric%20Desjardins PhilPapers]
* <strong>Devin Henry</strong> // [http://www.uwo.ca/philosophy/people/henry.html website], [http://philpapers.org/profile/11238 PhilPapers]
== Ph.D. Programs (New Zealand) ==
All programs reside in philosophy departments, unless otherwise specified.
=== [http://www.otago.ac.nz/ University of Otago] ===
* <strong>James Maclaurin</strong> // [http://www.otago.ac.nz/philosophy/Staff/james_maclaurin.html website], [http://philpapers.org/profile/2066 PhilPapers]
== Ph.D. Programs (United Kingdom) ==