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/* Ph.D. Programs (United States) */ formatting change
:[[Arizona State University (Center for Biology and Society)| | Additional Program Information]] <nowiki>[</nowiki>no<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* '''Manfred Laubichler''', Ph.D. 1997 Yale University (Biology) // ** [https://sols.asu.edu/people/manfred-laubichler websiteWebsite], [https://sols.asu.edu/sites/default/files/people/cv/laubichler_m_cv.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/s/Manfred%20Laubichler PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Theoretical biology and the history of biology using both empirical and conceptual approaches; role of gene regulatory networks in development and evolution; Theory of Complex Adaptive Systems, focusing on complexity as a unifying principle in the social and life sciences, including applications in biomedicine and the study of innovations (via website)
* '''Jane Maienschein''', Ph.D. 1978 Indiana University (HPS) // ** [https://sols.asu.edu/people/jane-maienschein websiteWebsite], [https://cbs.asu.edu/sites/default/files/Maienschein%20cv%20%20%20January%202014.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/s/jane%20maienschein PhilPapers]
** Specialties: History and philosophy of biology and the way biology, bioethics and bio-policy play out in society; embryology, genetics, and cell biology; epistemological standards, theories, and laboratory practices; studies of people and institutions, as well as the changing social, political, and legal context in which science thrive (via website)
* '''Jason Scott Robert''', Ph.D. 2000 McMaster University // ** [https://sols.asu.edu/people/jason-robert websiteWebsite], [https://sols.asu.edu/sites/default/files/people/cv/RobertCV_Current2014.pdf CV]
** Specialties: Political and societal problems that intersect with life sciences; produces educational materials and tools for “talking productively” (via website)
* '''Beckett Sterner''', Ph.D. 2012 University of Chicago (CHSS) // [http://umich.academia.edu/BeckettSterner website], [http://umich.academia.edu/BeckettSterner/CurriculumVitae CV]
** Starts fall semester 2016
** [http://umich.academia.edu/BeckettSterner Website], [http://umich.academia.edu/BeckettSterner/CurriculumVitae CV]
** Specialties: History and philosophy of biology, especially mathematics in biology; information, individuality, species, modeling (via website)
:[[Boston University| | Additional Program Information]] <nowiki>[</nowiki>no<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* '''Tian Yu Cao''', Ph.D. University of Cambridge // ** [http://www.bu.edu/philo/people/faculty/full-time/tian-yu-cao/ websiteWebsite], [http://philpapers.org/s/Tian%20Yu%20Cao PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Philosophy and History of Science (physics, biology and cognitive sciences), Epistemology, Metaphysics, Social and Political Philosophy, with special interests in philosophical issues related to (classical and global) modernity and postmodernity (via website)
* '''Russell Powell''', Ph.D. 2009 Duke University, J.D. 2002 New York University // ** [http://www.bu.edu/philo/people/faculty/full-time/russell-powell/ websiteWebsite], [http://www.bu.edu/philo/files/2014/11/Powell-CV-October-2014.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/profile/36621 PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Conceptual and methodological problems in evolutionary theory; epistemological and metaphysical dimensions of debates in contemporary bioethics, especially in relation to emerging biotechnologies (via website)
:[[Carnegie Mellon University| | Additional Program Information]] <nowiki>[</nowiki>no<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* '''Kevin J.S. Zollman''', Ph.D. 2007 UC Irvine (LPS) // ** [http://www.andrew.cmu.edu/user/kzollman/ websiteWebsite], [http://www.andrew.cmu.edu/user/kzollman/Zollman%20-%20CV.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/profile/9844 PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Game theory, agent based modeling, philosophy of science
:[[City University of New York Graduate Center| | Additional Program Information]] <nowiki>[</nowiki>no<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* '''Peter Godfrey-Smith''', Ph.D. 1991 UC San Diego // website ** Website [http://www.gc.cuny.edu/Page-Elements/Academics-Research-Centers-Initiatives/Doctoral-Programs/Philosophy/Faculty-Bios/Peter-Godfrey-Smith 1], [http://petergodfreysmith.com/ 2], [http://petergodfreysmith.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/PGS_CV_2014.pdf CV], [http://philpapers.org/s/Peter%20Godfrey-Smith PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Philosophy of biology and the philosophy of mind; pragmatism (especially John Dewey), general philosophy of science, and some parts of metaphysics and epistemology (via website)
* '''Massimo Pigliucci''', Doctorate University of Ferrara (Genetics), Ph.D. University of Connecticut (Biology), Ph.D. University of Tennessee (Philosophy) // website ** Website [http://www.gc.cuny.edu/Page-Elements/Academics-Research-Centers-Initiatives/Doctoral-Programs/Philosophy/Faculty-Bios/Massimo-Pigliucci 1], [https://sites.google.com/site/platofootnote/ 2], [http://philpapers.org/profile/18951 PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Philosophy of biology, in particular the structure and foundations of evolutionary theory, the relationship between science and philosophy, and the nature of pseudoscience (via website)
* '''Thomas Teufel''', Ph.D. 2006 Harvard University // ** [http://www.gc.cuny.edu/Page-Elements/Academics-Research-Centers-Initiatives/Doctoral-Programs/Philosophy/Faculty-Bios/Thomas-Teufel websiteWebsite], [http://philpapers.org/profile/30896 PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Philosophy of biology, Kant, 18th Century philosophy, philosophy of art (via website)
:[[Columbia University| | Additional Program Information]] <nowiki>[</nowiki>no<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* ''' Philip Kitcher'''<ref>Though he does not list philosophy of biology as a current AOS, Kitcher writes on his faculty profile page—accessed 2014-11-18—that he is willing to work with philosophy of biology graduate students.</ref>, Ph.D. 1974 Princeton University // website ** Website [http://philosophy.columbia.edu/directories/faculty/philip-kitcher 1], [http://www.columbia.edu/~psk16/ 2], [http://www.columbia.edu/~psk16/vita2003.htm CV], [http://philpapers.org/s/philip%20kitcher PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Conceptual and methodological issues in biology; questions about the relations of biological research to society and politics; role of scientific inquiry in democratic societies; pragmatism (especially William James and John Dewey) (via website)
:[[Duke University| | Additional Program Information]] <nowiki>[</nowiki>yes<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* '''Robert N. Brandon''', Ph.D. 1979 Harvard University // ** [http://philosophy.duke.edu/people?Gurl=&Uil=1533&subpage=profile websiteWebsite], [http://fds.duke.edu/db/aas/Philosophy/faculty/rbrandon/cv.html CV], [http://philpapers.org/s/robert%20brandon PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Philosophy of biology, philosophy of science, logic (via website)
* '''Alexander Rosenberg''', Ph.D. 1971 Johns Hopkins University // website ** Website [http://philosophy.duke.edu/people?Gurl=&Uil=1531&subpage=profile 1], [http://people.duke.edu/~alexrose/ 2], [http://people.duke.edu/~alexrose/cv.html CV], [http://philpapers.org/s/alexander%20rosenberg PhilPapers]
** Specialties: problems in metaphysics, mainly surrounding causality, the philosophy of social sciences, especially economics, and most of all, the philosophy of biology, in particular the relationship between molecular, functional and evolutionary biology (via website)
* '''Karen Neander''', Ph.D. 1983 La Trobe University // ** [https://philosophy.duke.edu/people?Gurl=&Uil=5234&subpage=profile websiteWebsite], [http://philpapers.org/profile/9934 PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Philosophy of Mind, Philosophy of Biology, Cognitive Science (via website)
* '''Dan McShea''', Ph.D. 1990 University of Chicago // website ** Website [http://philosophy.duke.edu/people?Gurl=&Uil=684&subpage=profile 1], [http://sites.duke.edu/mcshearesearch/ 2], [http://philpapers.org/s/dan%20mcshea PhilPapers]
** Specialties: Paleobiology, with a focus on large-scale trends in the history of life, especially documenting and investigating the causes of the (putative) trend in the complexity of organisms; operationalizing concepts, such as complexity and hierarchy, as well as clarifying conceptual issues related to trends at larger scales (via website)
